Kacper Skakluk
DOI: 10.15199/17.2025.9.1, GWiTS 9/2025, wrzesień 2025
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Streszczenie:
Wodór, jako lekki i powszechny pierwiastek o wysokiej wartości energetycznej, uznawany jest za ważny nośnik energii przyszłości. Ze względu na niską gęstość i łatwopalność, konieczne jest stosowanie odpowiednich metod magazynowania – fizycznych (sprężony, ciekły, sprężono-ciekły) oraz chemicznych (wodorki, LOHC, adsorpcja, związki takie jak amoniak czy metanol). Każda z nich ma zalety i ograniczenia – fizyczne formy oferują szybki dostęp, lecz są kosztowne; chemiczne są bezpieczniejsze, ale mniej wydajne. Analiza uwzględnia także wpływ warunków technicznych oraz zjawisko kruchości wodorowej. Ostatecznie stwierdzono, że wybór metody zależy od zastosowania, skali i infrastruktury – nie istnieje jedno uniwersalne rozwiązanie.
Słowa kluczowe: wodór, magazynowanie wodoru, gospodarka wodorowa, transformacja energetyczna
Abstract:
Hydrogen, as a light and common element with high energy value, is considered an important energy carrier of the future. Due to its low density and flammability, appropriate storage methods are necessary – both physical (compressed, liquefied, cryo-compressed) and chemical (hydrides, LOHCs, adsorption, and compounds such as ammonia or methanol). Each method has its advantages and limitations – physical forms offer quick access but are costly; chemical ones are generally safer but less efficient. The analysis also considers the impact of technical conditions and the phenomenon of hydrogen embrittlement. Ultimately, it is concluded that the choice of method depends on the application, scale, and available infrastructure – there is no one-size-fits-all solution.
Keywords: hydrogen, hydrogen storage, hydrogen economy, energy transformation
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