Andrzej J. Osiadacz 
, Maciej Chaczykowski , Łukasz Kotyński , Tomasz Bleschke, Ferdinand E. Uilhoorn
DOI: 10.15199/17.2025.12.1, GWiTS 12/2025, grudzień 2025
Pobierz w PDF (Open Access)
Abstract:
In the paper we solve a single-phase steady-state, nonisothermal flow model with composition tracking that incorporates the GERG-2008 equation of state. The solver enables evaluation of the deliverability of the pipeline system under varying CO2 stream compositions. We considered pure CO2 and CO2 mixtures containing impurities obtained from pre-combustion and post-combustion carbon capture technologies. We investigated the influence of impurities, pipe inclination, and heat transfer between the CO2-rich stream and its surroundings. The network model was solved using the Newton loop-node method coupled with the non-pipe element model in matrix notation.
Keywords: pipeline networks; hydraulic modeling; single-phase flow; CO2 impurities; composition tracking; non-pipe elements
Streszczenie:
W artykule rozwiązujemy jednofazowy nieizotermiczny model przepływu w stanie ustalonym, ze śledzeniem składu, wykorzystując równanie stanu GERG-2008. Solver umożliwia ocenę wydajności systemu rurociągowego przy zmiennym składzie strumienia CO2. Rozważaliśmy czysty CO2 oraz mieszaniny CO2 zawierające zanieczyszczenia otrzymywane z technologii wychwytywania dwutlenku węgla przed spalaniem i po spalaniu. Zbadaliśmy wpływ zanieczyszczeń, nachylenia rurociągu oraz wymiany ciepła między strumieniem bogatym w CO2 a otoczeniem. Sieć rurociągowa została rozwiązana przy użyciu metody pętli Newtona w notacji macierzowej sprzężonej z modelem elementów nierururowych.
Słowa kluczowe: sieci rurociągowe; modelowanie hydrauliczne; przepływ jednofazowy; zanieczyszczone CO2; śledzenie składu; elementy nierurowe
Bibliografia
[1] Chinello G., Y. Arellano, R. Span, D. Van Putten, A. Abdulrahman, E. Joonaki, K. Arrhenius, A. Murugan.2024, “Toward standardized measurement of CO2 transfer in the CCS chain,” Nexus 1 100013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynexs.2024.100013
[2] Drazen T., A. Uihlein, I. Hidalgo González. 2024. ”Shaping the future CO2 transport network for europe”, Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.2760/582433
[3] Filonchyk M., M.P. Peterson, L. Zhang, V. Hurynovich, Y. He, 2024. ”Greenhouse gases emissions and global climate change: Examining the influence of CO2, CH4, and N2O” Science of The Total Environment 935.173359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173359
[4] Fimbres Weihs G.A., D.E. Wiley.2012. “Steady-state design of CO2 pipeline networks for minimal cost per tonne of CO2 avoided”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 8: 150–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.02.008
[5] Fluid Systems,” SimNet SSGas – software package for steady state simulation of gas networks, (n.d.). https://fluidsystems.pl/en/software/simulation-programs/packages-for-steady-state-simulation/simnet-ssgas
[6] Hayat M.A., K. Alhadhrami, A.M. Elshurafa .2024. ”Which bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) pathways can provide net-negative emissions?”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 135: 104164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104164
[7] Isoli N., M. Chaczykowski.2025. ”Net energy analysis and net carbon benefits of CO2 capture and transport infrastructure for energy applications and industrial clusters,” Applied Energy 382 .125227. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.125227
[8] Jude O. Ejeh, Sergey B. Martynov, Solomon F. Brown.2023. “An MINLP model for the optimal design of CO2 transportation infrastructure in industrial clusters” Computer Aided Chemical Engineering 52 .3085–3090. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-443-15274-0.50492-3
[9] Kunz O., W. Wagner,.2012. ”The GERG-2008 Wide-Range Equation of State for Natural Gases and Other Mixtures: An Expansion of GERG-2004”, Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 57 :3032–3091. https://doi.org/10.1021/je300655b
[10] Lu J., Q. Hu, D. Zhang, F. Yan, Y. Li, C. Nie. 2024. “Numerical simulation of impurity-containing supercritical CO2 pipeline transport in CCUS”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 138 :104236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104236
[11] Martynov S.B., N.K. Daud, H. Mahgerefteh, S. Brown, R.T.J. Porter. 2016. “Impact of stream impurities on compressor power requirements for CO2 pipeline transportation,” International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 54 652–661. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.08.010
[12] Martynov S., N. Mac Dowell, S. Brown, H. Mahgerefteh.2015. “Assessment of Integral Thermo-Hydraulic Models for Pipeline Transportation of Dense-Phase and Supercritical CO2”, Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 54: 8587–8599. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.5b00851
[13] McCoy S.T., E.S. Rubin.2008., “An engineering-economic model of pipeline transport of CO2 with application to carbon capture and storage”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 2 219–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1750-5836(07)00119-3
[14] Mechleri E., S. Brown, P.S. Fennell, N. Mac Dowell.2017.” CO2 capture and storage (CCS) cost reduction via infrastructure right-sizing”, Chemical Engineering Research and Design 119:130–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cherd.2017.01.016
[15] Onyebuchi V.E., A. Kolios, D.P. Hanak, C. Biliyok, V. Manovic. 2018. “A systematic review of key challenges of CO2 transport via pipelines”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 81: 2563–2583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.06.064
[16] Osiadacz A. J., Simulation and analysis of gas networks, 1987. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5141539
[17] Osiadacz A.J., 1988 ”Method of steady-state simulation of a gas network”, International Journal of Systems Science 19 () 2395–2405. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207728808964126
[18] Osiadacz A.J., Ł1. Kotyński, M. Chaczykowski, 2021 “SimNet – software package for the steady-state simulation of gas networks with arbitrary structure” Gas, Water and Sanitary Technology 2–10. https://doi.org/10.15199/17.2021.9.1
[19] Schlumberger, Pipesim steady-state multiphase flow simulator, (n.d.). https://www.slb.com/-/media/files/software-integrated-solutions/product-sheet/pipesim-steady-state-multiphase-flow-simulator-2024-ps.pdf
[20] Shukla P.R., J. Skea, A. Reisinger, IPCC, eds., 2022. Climate change 2022: Mitigation of climate change, IPCC, Geneva.
[21] Simonsen K.R., D.S. Hansen, S. Pedersen, (2024) “Challenges in CO2 transportation: Trends and perspectives”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 191 114149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.114149
[22] Skaugen G., S. Roussanaly, J. Jakobsen, A. Brunsvold.2016.” Techno-economic evaluation of the effects of impurities on conditioning and transport of CO 2 by pipeline”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 54: 627–639. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2016.07.025
[23] Teh C., A. Barifcani, D. Pack, M.O. Tade, 2015. ”The importance of ground temperature to a liquid carbon dioxide pipeline”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 39 :463–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.06.004
[24] Tsiropoulos I., W. Nijs, D. Tarvydas, P. Ruiz, 2020. ”Towards net-zero emissions in the EU energy system by 2050 – insights from scenarios in line with the 2030 and 2050 ambitions of the european green deal”, Publications Office. https://doi.org/doi/10.2760/081488
[25] Velasco-Lozano M., Z. Ma, B. Chen, R. Pawar, 2024. “Optimizing large-scale CO2 pipeline networks using a geospatial splitting approach”, Journal of Environmental Management 370 :122522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122522
[26] Yeates C., A. Abdelshafy, C. Schmidt-Hattenberger, G. Walther, 2024. “Industrial CO2 transport in Germany: Comparison of pipeline routing scenarios”, International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 137: 104225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2024.104225